To analyze the long-term quality of life of patients with Brown II maxillary defect repaired by tissue flap or prosthesis. Patients who underwent surgery for maxillary malignant tumors in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from 2014 to 2017 were selected to investigate the postoperative long-term (>5 years) quality of life using the fourth edition of the University of Washington quality of life questionnaire (UW-QOL). Mann Whitney U test was used to examine the differences between two groups. In this study, 4 cases were lost to follow-up, 9 died, and a total of 46 valid questionnaires were collected, including 24 males and 22 females, aged 19-86 years. There were 26 cases of class Ⅱb/c and 20 cases of class IId. Tissue flap reconstruction was performed in 29 cases (tissue flap group) and prosthesis restoration in 17 cases (prosthesis group). The score of chewing QOL in the prosthesis group was higher than that in the tissue flap reconstruction group (Z= -2.787, P= 0.005), but the scores of entertainment, swallowing, speech and emotion QOL in the former group were respectively lower than those in the latter group (Z= -3.185, -2.091, -2.556 and -1.996, respectively, all Pvalues<0.05). In patients with Brown IIb/c defect, the prosthesis repair could improve the chewing QOL score (Z= -2.830, P= 0.005), but no statistically significant differences in other QOL scores between two groups. In patients with Brown IId defect, the tissue flap reconstruction could improve the scores of pain, entertainment, swallowing and speech QOL (Z= -2.741, -2.517, -2.320 and -2.843, respectively, all P values<0.05), and the average QOL score in tissue flap reconstruction group was also higher than that of the prosthesis group (Z= -2.276, P= 0.023). For postoperative long-term quality of life, both prosthesis and tissue flap reconstruction can offer satisfactory results in patients with Brown Ⅱb/c defect, and patients with Brown Ⅱd defect repaired by tissue flap reconstruction have better speech and swallowing functions. Tissue flap reconstruction has better speech and swallowing functions. may bring more entertainment and emotional benefits.